Tagged
#Machine Learning
2 posts.
- The First AI Programs: Teaching Machines to Play Games
The exhilarating early years when Arthur Samuel's checkers program learned to beat its creator, when chess programs first challenged amateur players, and when every new demonstration felt like proof that general machine intelligence was just around the corner. What those early programs actually did, why they were so impressive, and why the gap between their performance and genuine intelligence was wider than it appeared.
- Backpropagation Goes Mainstream, 1986: The Algorithm That Refused to Die
The most important algorithm in modern AI was discovered at least three times before anyone paid attention. The full story of backpropagation — its multiple independent inventions, the decades it spent in the shadows of the symbolic AI winter, and the specific confluence of people, ideas, and timing that produced the 1986 paper that changed everything. How an algorithm refused to die, and what happened when the world finally listened.